Spring (Stage 3) Slicing Cucumber Trial – 2004

NCSU Cucumber Breeding Report - 2004cuke.gif

Todd C. Wehner
Professor

Tammy L. Ellington
Agric. Res. Tech. III


Department of Horticultural Science
North Carolina State University
            Raleigh, NC 27695-7609


Spring (Stage 3) Slicing Cucumber Trial
2004
Todd C. Wehner and Tammy L. Ellington

Experiment Design
1.   A randomized complete block with 3 replications of slicer cultivars
     and breeding lines (collectively referred to as cultigens) was grown.
2.   Plots were single 20 ft. rows with 5 ft. alleys at each end.
3.   Rows were on raised 18" beds spaced 60" apart (center to center).
4.   Fertilizer consisted of 80-80-80 lb/A (N-P-K) broadcast preplant
     and 30-0-0 lb/A (N-P-K) sideplaced at the 2 to 4 leaf stage.
5.   Curbit was applied preemergence at the rate of 1 lb. a.i./A.
6.   The trial was planted 24 April, and harvested 6 times
     (Mondays and Thursdays) between 19 June and 7 July.
Data Collection
1.   Fruits were weighed after sorting into No.1, No.2 and cull
     (nubs and crooks) grades according to U.S.D.A. standards.
2.   Fruit length, diameter and weight were recorded for 3 fruit per plot.
3.   Quality ratings were from 1 to 9, with 1 = worst, 9 = best.
4.   Disease ratings were from 0 to 9, with 0 = no disease, 1-2 = trace,
     3-4 = slight, 5-6 = moderate, 7-8 = severe, 9 = plant dead.
Results
The following cultigens performed well, and could be advanced
to the next stage:
01   Dasher II                       Seminis      
02   Stonewall                       Harris Moran 
03   NC-Stratford                    NC State Univ
04   SVR147-10886                    Seminis      
05   Speedway                        Seminis      
06   G57xNC-58                       NC State Univ
07   G57xNC-62                       NC State Univ
08   Marketmore 86                   Check        
09   G83xNC-63                       NC State Univ
10   Intimidator                     Seminis


Table 23.  Stage 3 spring slicer trial - yield data (cultigens ranked by
cwt/A of Fancy + No. 1 grade fruit).
_________________________________________________________________________________
                                         Yield(cwt/A)   Percent          Plants
         Cultivar          Seed          Fancy  Market-  fancy  Percent  per A
  Rank    or line         source         +No.1   able    +No.1   culls  (x1000)
_________________________________________________________________________________
    1   Dasher II       Seminis           143     222      53      20      26
    2   Speedway        Seminis           117     191      50      20      26
    3   SVR147-10886    Seminis           110     185      49      17      25
    4   NC-Stratford    NC State Univ     108     180      41      34      26
    5   Stonewall       Harris Moran      101     177      45      26      26
    6   G83xNC-59       NC State Univ      88     150      45      23      26
    7   G57xNC-62       NC State Univ      87     149      44      25      25
    8   Thunder         Seminis            83     140      49      19      26
    9   G57xNC-58       NC State Univ      82     154      41      21      25
   10   G83xNC-63       NC State Univ      80     142      47      18      26
   11   Intimidator     Seminis            79     131      43      28      26
   12   SRQS-2914       SunSeeds           79     151      40      27      26
   13   Cherokee 87     Check              79     139      42      25      26
   14   Panther         SunSeeds           75     157      28      31      26
   15   Marketmore 86   Check              74     147      35      31      26
   16   General Lee     Harris Moran       72     140      44      19      26
   17   G83xNC-62       NC State Univ      65     116      44      22      26
   18   NC-Sunshine     NC State Univ      63     107      30      47      26
   19   Revenue(4289)   Harris Moran       60     100      46      20      25
   20   HMX 4441        Harris Moran       57     108      37      29      26
   21   SRQS-2983       SunSeeds           54     108      37      27      25
   22   G57xNC-59       NC State Univ      48     100      32      33      26
   23   G57xNC-63       NC State Univ      45      80      33      40      23
   24   Ashley          Check              45      71      39      33      18
   25   SVR147-10887    Seminis            42      74      31      30      25
   26   Poinsett 76     Cornell Univ.      41      66      33      13      19
   27   G83xNC-58       NC State Univ      41      78      33      34      26
   28   Marketmore 76   Check              39      66      34      12      26
_________________________________________________________________________________
        CV (%)                             56      55      32      40       8
        Mean                               73     130      40      26      25
        LSD (5%)                           68     116      21      17       3
_________________________________________________________________________________
Correlation (Marketable yield with % culls) = -0.41**


Table 24.  Stage 3 spring slicer trial - earliness data (cultigens ranked
by weight of Fancy + No.1 grade fruit in harvests 1 and 2).
_________________________________________________________________________________
                                          Cumulative fruit weight and % of
                                       total weight (6 harvests) for harvest:____
      Cultivar        Seed           1       1-2       1-3       1-4       1-5___
Rank  or line        source       Wt.  %   Wt.   %   Wt.   %   Wt.   %   Wt.   %
_________________________________________________________________________________
  1 Speedway      Seminis         50   26   98   51  118   61  172   91  180   95
  2 NC-Stratford  NC State Univ   42   18   94   49  106   57  159   87  167   92
  3 Dasher II     Seminis         31   13   92   38  112   49  171   76  196   88
  4 Stonewall     Harris Moran    27   11   82   35   92   41  141   80  165   93
  5 Marketmore 86 Check            7    5   65   42   89   58  116   77  141   96
  6 G57xNC-62     NC State Univ   33   22   63   42   73   49  119   80  138   93
  7 Cherokee 87   Check           30   16   62   35   74   49  108   83  125   92
  8 SVR147-10886  Seminis         16    8   62   32  105   55  155   85  174   94
  9 G57xNC-58     NC State Univ   22   12   56   33   81   48  121   79  149   97
 10 G83xNC-63     NC State Univ   22   11   56   30   62   34  108   69  135   95
 11 Intimidator   Seminis         31   21   54   38   64   47  119   92  126   96
 12 NC-Sunshine   NC State Univ   13    6   52   29   67   46   92   83  105   96
 13 Panther       SunSeeds         6    2   51   18   74   33  118   62  150   94
 14 G83xNC-62     NC State Univ   19   13   47   31   54   36   93   65  107   85
 15 SRQS-2914     SunSeeds        13    6   46   27   66   40  116   76  138   91
 16 General Lee   Harris Moran    15    6   37   17   52   33  117   85  126   89
 17 HMX 4441      Harris Moran     9   10   36   25   47   38   92   82  101   95
 18 Revenue(4289) Harris Moran     4    5   35   30   45   40   73   72   94   90
 19 G57xNC-63     NC State Univ   20   21   34   42   46   58   70   85   78   97
 20 G83xNC-59     NC State Univ   12    8   33   21   58   39  103   69  130   87
 21 Thunder       Seminis         17    9   33   21   68   41  113   77  133   93
 22 G57xNC-59     NC State Univ   19   14   32   30   44   41   85   76   96   97
 23 Ashley        Check            3    2   18   10   22   12   48   32   65   65
 24 SVR147-10887  Seminis          7    8   15   14   35   39   64   82   68   93
 25 SRQS-2983     SunSeeds         3    2   15   10   35   36   86   81   98   92
 26 G83xNC-58     NC State Univ    4    5   12   16   24   31   38   53   51   70
 27 Poinsett 76   Cornell Univ.    1    1    8    8   13   13   33   33   55   55
 28 Marketmore 76 Check            3    2    7    8   15   16   31   32   44   47
_________________________________________________________________________________
    CV (%)                       111   86   92   60   77   47   60   24   57   17
    Mean                          17   10   46   28   62   41  102   73  119   88
    LSD (5%)                      31   14   70   28   79   31  100   28  111   25
_________________________________________________________________________________
Correlation (Marketable yield with yield in harvests 1-2)      = 0.91**
Correlation (Marketable yield with % of yield in harvests 1-2) = 0.74ns


Table 25.  Stage 3 spring slicer trial - fruit quality data (cultigens ranked
by average quality).z
_________________________________________________________________________________
        Cultivar          Seed          Average                    Seed- Overall
 Rank    or line         source         quality    Shape   Color   cell impression
_________________________________________________________________________________
   1   Dasher II       Seminis            8.0        8       9       8       8
   2   Stonewall       Harris Moran       7.4        7       9       8       7
   3   SVR147-10886    Seminis            7.3        8       9       6       7
   4   G57xNC-58       NC State Univ      7.3        7       8       7       8
   5   Poinsett 76     Cornell Univ.      7.3        7       8       7       8
   6   General Lee     Harris Moran       7.2        7       8       7       8
   7   Thunder         Seminis            7.2        7       8       7       7
   8   Marketmore 86   Check              7.1        7       8       7       7
   9   NC-Sunshine     NC State Univ      7.1        7       9       8       6
  10   NC-Stratford    NC State Univ      7.0        7       9       6       7
  11   Intimidator     Seminis            7.0        7       8       7       7
  12   G83xNC-63       NC State Univ      6.9        7       8       7       7
  13   G57xNC-62       NC State Univ      6.8        7       8       6       7
  14   SRQS-2914       SunSeeds           6.8        7       8       6       7
  15   G83xNC-59       NC State Univ      6.8        7       8       7       6
  16   SVR147-10887    Seminis            6.8        7       8       8       6
  17   G83xNC-62       NC State Univ      6.7        7       9       7       7
  18   HMX 4441        Harris Moran       6.7        7       8       7       6
  19   Panther         SunSeeds           6.6        7       7       7       6
  20   Speedway        Seminis            6.6        6       9       7       7
  21   G83xNC-58       NC State Univ      6.4        6       9       8       5
  22   G57xNC-63       NC State Univ      6.3        7       9       6       6
  23   Marketmore 76   Check              6.3        6       7       7       6
  24   Revenue(4289)   Harris Moran       6.2        6       7       6       6
  25   SRQS-2983       SunSeeds           6.1        6       9       7       5
  26   G57xNC-59       NC State Univ      5.8        6       7       6       6
  27   Cherokee 87     Check              5.3        5       6       5       5
  28   Ashley          Check              4.8        5       5       5       4
_________________________________________________________________________________
       CV (%)                             8.3       14       9      12      12
       Mean                               6.7        7       8       7       7
       LSD (5%)                           0.9        2       1       1       1
_________________________________________________________________________________
z Quality rated 1 to 9 (1 = poor, 5 = average, 9 = excellent;
except color where 1 = white, 5 = medium green, 9 = very dark green).
Correlation (Marketable yield with average quality) = 0.13ns


Table 26.  Stage 3 spring slicer trial - fruit dimensions and comments
(cultigens ranked by average quality rating).z
_________________________________________________________________________________
         Cultivar         Seed        Length Diameter  Wt.   Defect1°  Defect2°
   Rank   or line        source       (inch)  (inch)  (lb.)  2  4  6   2  4  6
_________________________________________________________________________________
     1  Dasher II      Seminis          8.0    2.0    0.74   K  K  K   T  H  H
     2  Stonewall      Harris Moran     8.1    1.9    0.60   K  K  T   T  T  H
     3  SVR147-10886   Seminis          8.3    2.0    0.79   K  K  G   H  G  K
     4  G57xNC-58      NC State Univ    8.4    2.0    0.76   H  K  K   K  T  T
     5  Poinsett 76    Cornell Univ.    7.6    2.0    0.65   K  H  K   H  T  T
     6  General Lee    Harris Moran     8.0    2.1    0.78   H  K  K   K  K  H
     7  Thunder        Seminis          7.6    1.9    0.57   K  K  K   H  G  T
     8  Marketmore 86  Check            8.7    2.1    0.84   J  K  D   K  G  T
     9  NC-Sunshine    NC State Univ    7.8    1.8    0.60   K  K  H   G  H  D
    10  NC-Stratford   NC State Univ    8.4    2.0    0.79   K  G  G   P  K  K
    11  Intimidator    Seminis          8.0    2.0    0.69   K  H  H   K  K  K
    12  G83xNC-63      NC State Univ    8.4    2.1    0.83   K  K  H   I  H  K
    13  G57xNC-62      NC State Univ    7.9    1.9    0.64   K  K  T   H  G  G
    14  SRQS-2914      SunSeeds         8.0    1.8    0.63   H  G  G   K  K  K
    15  G83xNC-59      NC State Univ    7.5    1.8    0.61   H  H  H   K  K  K
    16  SVR147-10887   Seminis         10.2    2.0    0.73   H  T  M   M  G  T
    17  G83xNC-62      NC State Univ    8.2    1.9    0.67   K  K  T   H  T  G
    18  HMX 4441       Harris Moran     7.3    2.0    0.69   H  H  H   K  K  K
    19  Panther        SunSeeds         7.4    1.9    0.60   H  K  H   K  K  K
    20  Speedway       Seminis          7.7    2.0    0.70   H  H  H   K  K  K
    21  G83xNC-58      NC State Univ    7.6    1.8    0.58   H  H  T   H  T  D
    22  G57xNC-63      NC State Univ    8.1    2.0    0.72   H  H  T   K  T  H
    23  Marketmore 76  Check            7.5    1.9    0.61   H  J  K   K  K  T
    24  Revenue(4289)  Harris Moran     7.0    1.9    0.55   H  T  T   L  K  H
    25  SRQS-2983      SunSeeds         7.7    1.9    0.55   T  H  H   J  T  T
    26  G57xNC-59      NC State Univ    7.6    2.1    0.72   H  H  H   K  K  T
    27  Cherokee 87    Check            7.5    2.1    0.70   H  H  I   M  I  M
    28  Ashley         Check            7.1    1.8    0.58   H  M  I   M  T  D
_________________________________________________________________________________
        CV (%)                         12.2    7.4   17.54
        Mean                            7.9    1.9    0.68
        LSD (5%)                        1.6    0.2    0.19
_________________________________________________________________________________
z Defects were rated as follows (giving primary and secondary for each harvest):
 A - wArty fruit             J – RiDGed               S - Separated carpels
 B - Blossom end defects     K - Keep(excellent)      T - Tapered ends
 C - Crooks excessive        L - Late maturity        U - Uniform green
 D - Dogbone shape           M - Mottled fruit        V - Varicolor (dark stem
 E - Early maturity          N - Nubs excessive           end, light blossom end)
 F - Four celled             O - Offtype fruit        W - White fruit
 G - lonG fruit              P - Placental hollows    X - neCKS on fruit
 H - sHort fruit             Q -                      Y - Yellow fruit
 I - strIped fruit           R - Reject (poor)        Z - diSeased fruit


Table 27.  Stage 3 spring slicer trial - fruit keeping ability data (cultigens
are ranked by % weight loss).
_________________________________________________________________________________
                                             Weight      Rating (0 - 9)y  Firm-
          Cultivar            Seed            loss      Shriv-   Rots &   ness
   Rank    or line           source           (%)z      eling   disease   (lb.)x
_________________________________________________________________________________
     1    Dasher II        Seminis              9         2        1       18
     2    Stonewall        Harris Moran        11         3        2       16
     3    SVR147-10886     Seminis             10         2        1       17
     4    G57xNC-58        NC State Univ       10         3        1       18
     5    Poinsett 76      Cornell Univ.       11         2        1       15
     6    General Lee      Harris Moran         9         3        2       18
     7    Thunder          Seminis             10         3        1       18
     8    Marketmore 86    Check               10         4        2       14
     9    NC-Sunshine      NC State Univ       10         4        4       14
    10    NC-Stratford     NC State Univ       11         3        2       16
    11    Intimidator      Seminis             10         3        1       18
    12    G83xNC-63        NC State Univ        9         5        1       14
    13    G57xNC-62        NC State Univ       11         2        1       16
    14    SRQS-2914        SunSeeds            10         2        2       16
    15    G83xNC-59        NC State Univ       12         3        3       17
    16    SVR147-10887     Seminis             10         3        1       20
    17    G83xNC-62        NC State Univ       12         3        2       14
    18    HMX 4441         Harris Moran        12         4        2       18
    19    Panther          SunSeeds            10         3        1       15
    20    Speedway         Seminis              9         3        1       17
    21    G83xNC-58        NC State Univ       10         3        2       15
    22    G57xNC-63        NC State Univ       10         6        6       16
    23    Marketmore 76    Check                9         3        1       15
    24    Revenue(4289)    Harris Moran        10         3        2       17
    25    SRQS-2983        SunSeeds            10         5        4       15
    26    G57xNC-59        NC State Univ       13         3        1       19
    27    Cherokee 87      Check               11         3        2       19
    28    Ashley           Check               12         4        2       15
_________________________________________________________________________________
          CV (%)                               17        44       69       10
          Mean                                 10         3        2       16
          LSD (5%)                              3         2        2        3
_________________________________________________________________________________
z After storage at room temperature for 8 days in open kraft paper bags.
y Shriveling & disease rated 0-9 (0=none, 1-3=slight, 4-6=moderate, 7-9=advanced).
x Firmness after storage using Magness-Taylor fruit punch tester.
Correlation (Weight loss with shriveling) = 0.15ns
Correlation (Weight loss with firmness) = -0.14ns


Table 28.  Stage 3 spring slicer trial - sex expression and vine data (cultigens
ranked by gynoecious rating).
_________________________________________________________________________________
                                                  Early   Earli-
         Cultivar          Seed           Gyn.    yield   ness    Vine    Vine
  Rank    or line         source         ratingz (cwt/A)   (%)x    sizew   colorw
_________________________________________________________________________________
    1   Dasher II       Seminis             9      92      38       8       7
    2   SVR147-10886    Seminis             9      62      32       7       9
    3   SRQS-2914       SunSeeds            9      46      27       7       9
    4   G57xNC-62       NC State Univ       9      63      42       7       7
    5   Intimidator     Seminis             9      54      38       6       5
    6   Panther         SunSeeds            9      51      18       6       7
    7   G57xNC-58       NC State Univ       9      56      33       6       8
    8   Thunder         Seminis             9      33      21       6       6
    9   HMX 4441        Harris Moran        9      36      25       6       8
   10   Speedway        Seminis             9      98      51       6       8
   11   G57xNC-59       NC State Univ       9      32      30       5       8
   12   SVR147-10887    Seminis             9      15      14       5       9
   13   G57xNC-63       NC State Univ       9      34      42       5       7
   14   Stonewall       Harris Moran        9      82      35       7       8
   15   SRQS-2983       SunSeeds            9      15      10       5       8
   16   General Lee     Harris Moran        8      37      17       7       8
   17   Revenue(4289)   Harris Moran        7      35      30       6       7
   18   NC-Sunshine     NC State Univ       7      52      29       5       7
   19   NC-Stratford    NC State Univ       5      94      49       7       5
   20   G83xNC-63       NC State Univ       5      56      30       6       6
   21   G83xNC-62       NC State Univ       4      47      31       6       8
   22   Marketmore 86   Check               4      65      42       6       8
   23   Cherokee 87     Check               4      62      35       6       8
   24   Ashley          Check               3      18      10       5       7
   25   G83xNC-59       NC State Univ       3      33      21       7       7
   26   Marketmore 76   Check               3       7       8       6       8
   27   G83xNC-58       NC State Univ       3      12      16       6       7
   28   Poinsett 76     Cornell Univ.       3       8       8       5       7
_________________________________________________________________________________
        CV (%)                             16      92      60      23      14
        Mean                                7      46      28       6       7
        LSD (5%)                            2      70      28       2       2
_________________________________________________________________________________
z Gynoecious rating (1 = androecious, 2-3 = andromonoecious, 4-6 = monoecious,
  7-8 = predominately gynoecious, 9 = gynoecious).
y Early yield is weight of Fancy+No.1 grade fruit produced in harvests 1 and 2.
x Earliness is the percent of the yield (Fancy + No.1 grade fruit)
  of 6 harvests that was produced in harvests 1 and 2.
w Vine size & color are rated 1 (small or yellow green) to 9 (large or dark green)
Correlation (Marketable yield with gynoecious rating) = 0.22*


Table 29.  Stage 3 spring slicer trial - disease ratings (cultigens ranked
by average disease resistance).z
_________________________________________________________________________________
                   Cultivar            Seed          Downy
           Rank     or line           source         mildew
_________________________________________________________________________________
             1    Poinsett 76      Cornell Univ.       2.0
             2    SVR147-10887     Seminis             2.3
             3    SVR147-10886     Seminis             2.7
             4    G57xNC-59        NC State Univ       2.7
             5    Stonewall        Harris Moran        2.7
             6    G57xNC-58        NC State Univ       3.3
             7    HMX 4441         Harris Moran        4.3
             8    G57xNC-63        NC State Univ       4.7
             9    General Lee      Harris Moran        4.7
            10    NC-Stratford     NC State Univ       4.7
            11    Cherokee 87      Check               4.7
            12    Thunder          Seminis             5.0
            13    SRQS-2983        SunSeeds            5.0
            14    G83xNC-59        NC State Univ       5.0
            15    Marketmore 76    Check               5.0
            16    NC-Sunshine      NC State Univ       5.3
            17    Dasher II        Seminis             5.7
            18    SRQS-2914        SunSeeds            5.7
            19    G57xNC-62        NC State Univ       5.7
            20    Speedway         Seminis             5.7
            21    Ashley           Check               5.7
            22    Intimidator      Seminis             6.0
            23    Panther          SunSeeds            6.0
            24    G83xNC-63        NC State Univ       6.0
            25    Marketmore 86    Check               6.0
            26    Revenue(4289)    Harris Moran        6.3
            27    G83xNC-62        NC State Univ       6.3
            28    G83xNC-58        NC State Univ       6.3
_________________________________________________________________________________
                  CV (%)                              34.2
                  Mean                                 4.8
                  LSD (5%)                             2.7
_________________________________________________________________________________
z Disease rated 0 to 9 (0=none, 1-2=trace, 3-4=slight, 5-6=moderate, 7-8=advanced,
9=plant dead).
Correlation (Marketable yield with disease rating) = 0.26*


Table 30.  Stage 3 spring slicer trial - selection indexes (cultigens ranked
by SWI1).z
_________________________________________________________________________________
                                             Simple weighted     Average rank
           Cultivar           Seed               indexes            indexes___
   Rank     or line          source          SWI1       SWI2     ARI1     ARI2
_________________________________________________________________________________
     1    Dasher II        Seminis            6.9       6.3      7.0      8.2
     2    Stonewall        Harris Moran       6.4       5.9      8.9      8.9
     3    NC-Stratford     NC State Univ      6.3       5.9     10.9     10.3
     4    SVR147-10886     Seminis            6.3       5.9      8.7      8.6
     5    Speedway         Seminis            6.2       5.8     12.8     11.9
     6    G57xNC-58        NC State Univ      5.6       5.3     10.6     10.6
     7    G57xNC-62        NC State Univ      5.3       5.1     13.5     13.1
     8    Marketmore 86    Check              5.2       4.9     13.0     13.2
     9    G83xNC-63        NC State Univ      5.1       4.7     14.3     14.5
    10    Intimidator      Seminis            5.0       4.8     13.8     14.1
    11    Thunder          Seminis            4.9       4.7     12.4     13.4
    12    G83xNC-59        NC State Univ      4.9       4.6     13.6     13.9
    13    General Lee      Harris Moran       4.9       4.6     12.8     13.7
    14    SRQS-2914        SunSeeds           4.9       4.6     14.6     14.8
    15    NC-Sunshine      NC State Univ      4.9       4.6     13.9     14.5
    16    Panther          SunSeeds           4.8       4.4     16.7     17.2
    17    Cherokee 87      Check              4.8       4.5     18.4     16.4
    18    HMX 4441         Harris Moran       4.6       4.4     15.2     14.9
    19    G83xNC-62        NC State Univ      4.6       4.4     16.3     16.5
    20    Poinsett 76      Cornell Univ.      4.4       4.2     12.3     13.3
    21    G57xNC-59        NC State Univ      4.3       4.3     17.8     16.1
    22    SVR147-10887     Seminis            4.3       4.1     14.6     14.8
    23    G57xNC-63        NC State Univ      4.2       4.3     17.1     16.2
    24    Revenue(4289)    Harris Moran       4.1       4.0     18.6     18.2
    25    SRQS-2983        SunSeeds           4.0       3.7     18.3     18.2
    26    G83xNC-58        NC State Univ      3.6       3.5     17.6     18.6
    27    Marketmore 76    Check              3.6       3.4     19.2     19.7
    28    Ashley           Check              3.2       3.0     23.1     22.2
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          CV (%)                             25.4      22.1     22.5     24.6
          Mean                                4.9       4.6     14.5     14.5
          LSD (5%)                            2.0       1.7      5.3      5.8
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z SWI is simple weighted index calculated from the performance of a cultigen for
yield; earliness; fruit shape, seedcell size and overall impression; and disease
resistance.  The index is calculated with 2 different methods of weighting each
trait (10 is best, 1 is worst).
ARI is the average ranking of each cultigen for yield, earliness, fruit quality
and disease resistance.  The index is calculated with 2 different sets of
secondary traits added in with the primary traits (1 is best).
Correlation (Marketable yield with SWI1) = 0.92**
Correlation (Marketable yield with ARI1) = -0.59**