NCSU Cucumber Breeding Report - 2001
Todd C. Wehner
Professor
Tammy L. Ellington
Agric. Res. Tech. III
Department of Horticultural Science
North Carolina State University
Raleigh, NC 27695-7609
Spring (Stage 3) Pickling Cucumber Trial
2001
Todd C. Wehner and Tammy L. Ellington
Experiment Design
1. A randomized complete block with 3 replications of pickle cultivars
and breeding lines (collectively referred to as cultigens) was grown.
2. Plots were single 20 ft. rows with 5 ft. alleys at each end.
3. Rows were on raised 18" beds spaced 60" apart (center to center).
4. Fertilizer consisted of 80-80-80 lb/A (N-P-K) broadcast preplant and
30-0-0 lb/A (N-P-K) sideplaced at the 2 to 4 leaf stage.
5. Curbit was applied preemergence at the rate of 1 lb. a.i./A.
6. The trial was planted 21 May, and harvested 6 times
(Mondays and Thursdays) between 5 and 23 July.
Data Collection
1. Firmness was measured on 3 Grade 3 fruits using a Magness-Taylor tester
with a 5/16" tip.
2. Length/Diameter ratio was calculated by measuring 5 Grade 2 fruits.
3. Quality ratings were from 1 to 9, with 1 = worst, 9 = best.
4. Disease ratings were from 0 to 9, with 0 = no disease, 1-2 = trace,
3-4 = slight, 5-6 = moderate, 7-8 = severe, 9 = plant dead.
Results
The following cultigens performed well, and could be advanced
to the next stage:
1 Napoleon (3502) SunSeeds
2 Vlaspik Seminis
3 Jackson (3540) SunSeeds
4 Colt Seminis
5 HMX-0469 Harris Moran
6 Vlasstar (10489) Seminis
Table 6. Stage 3 spring pickle trial - yield data (cultigens are ranked
by fruit value).
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Fruit grade distribution Plants
Cultivar Seed Value Weight (% by weight) per A
Rank or line source ($) (cwt) Cull No.1 No.2 No.3 No.4 (x1000)
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1 Napoleon(3502) SunSeeds 2023 297 13 9 25 43 9 22
2 Vlaspik Seminis 2009 249 17 16 37 27 4 19
3 Jackson(3540) SunSeeds 1894 278 16 8 29 38 8 22
4 WI6856Ax6760B Wis-USDA 1826 293 14 7 29 35 14 20
5 Arabian Seminis 1778 291 17 7 25 41 11 22
6 Vlasstar(10489) Seminis 1750 275 14 7 26 42 12 22
7 Colt Seminis 1718 236 16 11 25 44 4 22
8 Royal Harris Moran 1712 222 16 12 36 31 4 22
9 SRQP-2861 SunSeeds 1708 265 23 8 29 33 7 19
10 HMX-0469 Harris Moran 1704 225 14 14 34 30 8 22
11 HMX-0468 Harris Moran 1678 238 19 9 35 32 5 20
12 Palomino(1911) Seminis 1656 280 26 8 23 37 6 22
13 Raleigh NCState Univ 1651 259 17 7 28 38 9 20
14 Calypso NCState Univ 1621 268 18 8 26 36 12 22
15 Patton (3528) SunSeeds 1616 258 15 7 26 42 10 22
16 Johnston NCState Univ 1604 235 23 10 31 33 4 22
17 Macarthur SunSeeds 1603 275 22 6 24 37 11 22
18 CrossCountry4318 Harris Moran 1543 236 17 9 31 33 9 22
19 Premio Sakata 1369 249 19 7 25 32 17 22
20 Manteo NCState Univ 980 147 26 10 32 27 5 21
21 Wis.SMR 18 Univ. Wis. 872 232 19 4 15 27 35 22
_________________________________________________________________________________
LSD (5%) 531 98 6 4 10 11 9 3
Mean 1634 253 18 9 28 35 10 21
CV (%) 20 24 21 29 21 19 55 8
_________________________________________________________________________________
Correlation (Fruit value with fruit weight) = 0.85**
Table 7. Stage 3 spring pickle trial - earliness data (cultigens are ranked
by fruit value in harvests 1 and 2).
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Cumulative fruit value and % of
total valuez (6 harvests) for harvest:
Cultivar Seed 1 1-2 1-3 1-4 1-5_
Rank or line source $/A % $/A % $/A % $/A % $/A %
_________________________________________________________________________________
1 Napoleon(3502) SunSeeds 529 25 864 42 1153 56 1483 73 1748 86
2 Vlaspik Seminis 424 21 835 41 1208 60 1575 78 1744 87
3 Macarthur SunSeeds 507 30 834 52 1081 67 1271 79 1406 87
4 Arabian Seminis 563 30 828 46 1120 62 1319 75 1554 87
5 HMX-0469 Harris Moran 383 22 807 48 1104 65 1320 77 1521 89
6 Colt Seminis 500 29 780 45 1050 61 1262 73 1473 86
7 Raleigh NCState Univ 449 26 768 46 1020 61 1236 74 1433 87
8 Palomino(1911) Seminis 492 28 760 44 1080 64 1290 77 1395 84
9 Calypso NCState Univ 426 24 734 44 979 60 1229 77 1350 84
10 Jackson(3540) SunSeeds 441 23 733 38 1072 57 1377 73 1589 83
11 Vlasstar(10489) Seminis 477 27 727 41 997 57 1279 73 1443 82
12 SRQP-2861 SunSeeds 385 22 689 39 1020 59 1241 72 1393 81
13 Johnston NCState Univ 393 24 675 42 958 60 1223 76 1369 86
14 Premio Sakata 346 24 641 46 830 60 1081 79 1169 85
15 HMX-0468 Harris Moran 379 23 629 37 880 52 1094 65 1392 83
16 Royal Harris Moran 336 18 620 35 897 52 1240 73 1424 83
17 Patton (3528) SunSeeds 447 26 587 35 881 52 1030 62 1289 76
18 CrossCountry4318 Harris Moran 321 21 550 36 817 53 998 65 1291 84
19 WI6856Ax6760B Wis-USDA 231 12 545 30 866 46 1240 68 1516 83
20 Manteo NCState Univ 113 11 300 30 475 48 699 71 797 81
21 Wis.SMR 18 Univ. Wis. 136 15 294 33 405 46 560 64 664 76
_________________________________________________________________________________
LSD (5%) 244 8 286 8 377 9 398 7 471 7
Mean 394 23 676 41 947 57 1193 73 1379 84
CV (%) 37 21 26 12 24 9 20 5 20 5
_________________________________________________________________________________
Correlation (Fruit value with value in harvests 1 and 2) = 0.90**
Table 8. Stage 3 spring pickle trial - fruit quality data (cultigens are
ranked by average quality).
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Overall
Cultivar Seed Average Seed- impres-
Rank or line source qualityz Shapez Colory cellz sionz
_________________________________________________________________________________
1 Colt Seminis 8.0 8 8 8 8
2 Arabian Seminis 7.7 8 8 7 8
3 WI6856Ax6760B Wis-USDA 7.6 8 8 7 8
4 Patton (3528) SunSeeds 7.4 8 8 7 8
5 Calypso NCState Univ 7.2 7 7 7 7
6 Jackson(3540) SunSeeds 7.1 8 8 6 7
7 Napoleon(3502) SunSeeds 7.1 7 8 7 7
8 HMX-0469 Harris Moran 7.0 7 7 7 7
9 Palomino(1911) Seminis 7.0 7 7 7 7
10 Vlasstar(10489) Seminis 7.0 7 8 7 7
11 HMX-0468 Harris Moran 7.0 7 9 7 7
12 Johnston NCState Univ 6.9 7 8 7 7
13 Vlaspik Seminis 6.8 7 8 7 6
14 CrossCountry4318 Harris Moran 6.8 7 7 7 7
15 Macarthur SunSeeds 6.7 7 8 6 7
16 Premio Sakata 6.6 7 5 6 7
17 Royal Harris Moran 6.6 7 8 6 7
18 Raleigh NCState Univ 6.4 6 7 6 7
19 Manteo NCState Univ 6.3 6 8 7 6
20 SRQP-2861 SunSeeds 6.0 6 8 6 6
21 Wis.SMR 18 Univ. Wis. 5.2 7 4 4 5
_________________________________________________________________________________
LSD (5%) 0.8 1 1 1 1
Mean 6.9 7 7 6 13
CV (%) 7.2 9 6 12 16
_________________________________________________________________________________
z Quality rated 1 to 9 (1 = poor, 5 = average, 9 = excellent).
y Color rated 1 to 9 (1 = white, 5 = medium green, 9 = very dark green).
Correlation (Fruit value with average quality) = 0.19ns
Table 9. Stage 3 spring pickle trial - other quality data (cultigens are
ranked by average quality).z
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Cultivar Seed Firm- L/D Defects1° Defects2°
Rank or line source ness ratio 2 4 6 2 4 6
_________________________________________________________________________________
1 Arabian Seminis 15.7 3.2 K K T G H K
2 Patton (3528) SunSeeds 14.7 3.2 K G K T K H
3 Macarthur SunSeeds 14.7 3.1 T G T D T G
4 Colt Seminis 14.3 3.1 K T K T H T
5 Johnston NCState Univ 14.3 3.3 T T T K K G
6 Vlasstar(10489) Seminis 14.0 3.1 T T T K K K
7 Manteo NCState Univ 14.0 3.5 T T T G G G
8 Wis.SMR 18 Univ. Wis. 14.0 3.1 W W W Y T Y
9 HMX-0468 Harris Moran 13.7 3.3 T T T K G A
10 CrossCountry4318 Harris Moran 13.3 3.3 T T T G G G
11 Premio Sakata 13.3 3.0 T W T W D W
12 Raleigh NCState Univ 13.3 3.1 H D T T T G
13 Palomino(1911) Seminis 13.0 3.2 T T T K K G
14 WI6856Ax6760B Wis-USDA 12.7 3.1 K I K T K T
15 Calypso NCState Univ 12.3 3.0 T T K H K A
16 HMX-0469 Harris Moran 12.0 3.1 T T T K G K
17 Vlaspik Seminis 12.0 3.3 T T G G K T
18 Jackson(3540) SunSeeds 11.7 3.0 H T T K K C
19 Royal Harris Moran 11.7 3.1 T T T G G K
20 Napoleon(3502) SunSeeds 11.0 3.2 K G K G T T
21 SRQP-2861 SunSeeds 11.0 3.0 H M T T T D
_________________________________________________________________________________
LSD (5%) 3.5 0.2
Mean 13.1 3.1
CV (%) 16.2 5.0
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z Quality rated 1 to 9 (1 = poor, 5 = average, 9 = excellent).
Defects were rated as follows (giving primary and secondary for each harvest):
A - wArty fruit J - RiDGed S - Separated carpels
B - Blossom end defects K - Keep(excellent) T - Tapered ends
C - Crooks excessive L - Late maturity U - Uniform green
D - Dogbone shape M - Mottled fruit V - Varicolor (dark stem
E - Early maturity N - Nubs excessive end, light blossom end)
F - Four celled O - Offtype fruit W - White fruit
G - lonG fruit P - Placental hollows X - neCKS on fruit
H - sHort fruit Q - Y - Yellow fruit
I - strIped fruit R - Reject (poor) Z - diSeased fruit
Table 10. Stage 3 spring pickle trial - fruit keeping ability data (cultigens
are ranked by % weight loss).
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Weight Rating (0 - 9)y Firm-
Cultivar Seed loss Shriv- Rots & ness
Rank or line source (%)z eling disease (lb.)x
_________________________________________________________________________________
1 WI6856Ax6760B Wis-USDA 16 3 3 17
2 Royal Harris Moran 17 4 1 13
3 Manteo NCState Univ 17 2 3 16
4 CrossCountry4318 Harris Moran 17 3 1 13
5 Vlasstar(10489) Seminis 18 3 1 13
6 SRQP-2861 SunSeeds 18 3 3 13
7 Johnston NCState Univ 18 3 1 15
8 Colt Seminis 19 6 2 13
9 Calypso NCState Univ 20 2 1 14
10 Palomino(1911) Seminis 20 3 4 14
11 HMX-0468 Harris Moran 20 5 1 14
12 Patton (3528) SunSeeds 21 5 1 14
13 Arabian Seminis 22 4 1 13
14 Vlaspik Seminis 22 5 2 15
15 Raleigh NCState Univ 22 2 1 13
16 Napoleon(3502) SunSeeds 22 5 5 11
17 HMX-0469 Harris Moran 22 5 1 12
18 Macarthur SunSeeds 23 5 5 13
19 Wis.SMR 18 Univ. Wis. 24 8 3 11
20 Premio Sakata 27 5 2 12
21 Jackson(3540) SunSeeds 28 3 1 12
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LSD (5%) 7 2 3 4
Mean 20 4 2 13
CV (%) 20 36 97 19
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z After storage at room temperature for 8 days in open kraft paper bags.
y Shriveling & disease rated 0-9 (0=none, 1-3=slight, 4-6=moderate, 7-9=advanced).
x Firmness after storage using Magness-Taylor fruit punch tester.
Correlation (Weight loss with shriveling) = 0.35**
Correlation (Weight loss with firmness) = 0.00ns
Table 11. Stage 3 spring pickle trial - bloater resistance data (cultigens
are ranked by bloater resistance).z
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Total
Cultivar Seed bloater Honey-
Rank or line source damage Balloon Lens comb
_________________________________________________________________________________
1 Colt Seminis 0 0 0 0
2 Vlaspik Seminis 0 0 0 0
3 HMX-0469 Harris Moran 1 1 0 0
4 Napoleon(3502) SunSeeds 1 0 0 1
5 CrossCountry4318 Harris Moran 1 1 0 0
6 Arabian Seminis 2 1 0 1
7 Wis.SMR 18 Univ. Wis. 2 2 0 0
8 Vlasstar(10489) Seminis 2 0 0 2
9 HMX-0468 Harris Moran 2 2 0 1
10 Jackson(3540) SunSeeds 3 0 1 1
11 Johnston NCState Univ 3 2 0 1
12 Palomino(1911) Seminis 3 3 0 0
13 Royal Harris Moran 3 1 1 1
14 Macarthur SunSeeds 3 2 1 1
15 Patton (3528) SunSeeds 4 3 0 1
16 Manteo NCState Univ 4 0 3 1
17 SRQP-2861 SunSeeds 5 4 0 1
18 Raleigh NCState Univ 5 3 0 2
19 Calypso NCState Univ 6 4 0 2
20 WI6856Ax6760B Wis-USDA 6 6 0 0
21 Premio Sakata 7 7 0 0
_________________________________________________________________________________
LSD (5%) 6 6 2 2
Mean 3 2 0 1
CV (%) 129 182 461 137
_________________________________________________________________________________
z Data are means of 2 harvests, 5 fruits/cultigen.
Fruits tested in 5 gal. pails purged with 100% CO2.
Table 12. Stage 3 spring pickle trial - bloater resistance data (cultigens
are ranked by total bloater + defect resistance).z
_________________________________________________________________________________
Bloaters Total Blossom Placen
Cultivar Seed + bloater Total -end -tal Soft
Rank or line source defects damage defects defects hollow center
_________________________________________________________________________________
1 Colt Seminis 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 Vlaspik Seminis 1 0 1 1 0 0
3 Wis.SMR 18 Univ. Wis. 2 2 0 0 0 0
4 CrossCountry4318 Harris Moran 2 1 1 0 1 0
5 Vlasstar(10489) Seminis 2 2 0 0 0 0
6 HMX-0468 Harris Moran 2 2 0 0 0 0
7 Napoleon(3502) SunSeeds 3 1 1 1 1 0
8 Arabian Seminis 3 2 1 0 1 0
9 Palomino(1911) Seminis 3 3 1 0 1 0
10 HMX-0469 Harris Moran 4 1 3 1 1 0
11 Royal Harris Moran 4 3 1 0 1 0
12 Macarthur SunSeeds 4 3 1 1 0 0
13 Johnston NCState Univ 5 3 2 1 1 0
14 Patton (3528) SunSeeds 5 4 1 0 0 1
15 Jackson(3540) SunSeeds 5 3 3 0 0 3
16 Raleigh NCState Univ 6 5 1 1 0 0
17 SRQP-2861 SunSeeds 6 5 2 0 1 1
18 Calypso NCState Univ 7 6 2 0 0 2
19 WI6856Ax6760B Wis-USDA 8 6 2 0 1 1
20 Premio Sakata 8 7 1 0 1 0
21 Manteo NCState Univ 10 4 6 1 3 2
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LSD (5%) 6 6 4 1 1 3
Mean 4 3 1 0 0 0
CV (%) 86 129 139 278 170 319
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z Data are means of 2 harvests, 5 fruits/cultigen.
Fruits tested in 5 gal. pails purged with 100% CO2.
Table 13. Stage 3 spring pickle trial - sex expression and vine data
(cultigens are ranked by gynoecious rating).
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Cultivar Seed Gyn. Vine Vine
Rank or line source ratingz sizey colorx
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1 Raleigh NCState Univ 9 7 8
2 Patton (3528) SunSeeds 9 6 7
3 SRQP-2861 SunSeeds 9 5 7
4 Vlasstar(10489) Seminis 8 7 6
5 HMX-0468 Harris Moran 8 7 8
6 HMX-0469 Harris Moran 8 7 7
7 Colt Seminis 8 6 6
8 Royal Harris Moran 8 6 6
9 Vlaspik Seminis 8 6 5
10 Johnston NCState Univ 8 6 8
11 Palomino(1911) Seminis 8 6 6
12 Macarthur SunSeeds 7 7 8
13 Calypso NCState Univ 7 7 5
14 Arabian Seminis 7 6 6
15 CrossCountry4318 Harris Moran 7 7 8
16 Premio Sakata 7 7 6
17 Manteo NCState Univ 6 5 6
18 Napoleon(3502) SunSeeds 6 6 7
19 Jackson(3540) SunSeeds 6 6 6
20 Wis.SMR 18 Univ. Wis. 5 8 5
21 WI6856Ax6760B Wis-USDA 5 7 5
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LSD (5%) 2 2 2
Mean 7 6 6
CV (%) 16 16 15
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z Gynoecious rating (1 = androecious, 2-3 = andromonoecious, 4-6 = monoecious,
7-8 = predominately gynoecious, 9 = gynoecious).
y Size rated 1 to 9 (1=very small, 9=very large).
x Color rated 1 to 9 (1=yellow, 9=very dark green).
Correlation (Yield with gynoecious rating) = 0.18**
Correlation (Yield with vine size) = 0.40**
Table 14. Stage 3 spring pickle trial - disease data (cultigens are ranked
by average disease).z
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Cultivar Seed Average Anthrac Powdery
Rank or line source disease -nose mildew
_________________________________________________________________________________
1 HMX-0469 Harris Moran 0.5 1 0
2 Calypso NCState Univ 1.2 2 0
3 Jackson(3540) SunSeeds 1.3 2 0
4 HMX-0468 Harris Moran 1.7 2 1
5 Vlasstar(10489) Seminis 1.8 3 0
6 Raleigh NCState Univ 2.0 2 2
7 Napoleon(3502) SunSeeds 2.2 3 1
8 Premio Sakata 2.3 2 2
9 Vlaspik Seminis 2.3 3 1
10 Colt Seminis 2.3 4 1
11 Macarthur SunSeeds 2.3 4 0
12 Johnston NCState Univ 2.5 2 3
13 CrossCountry4318 Harris Moran 2.7 2 3
14 SRQP-2861 SunSeeds 3.0 3 3
15 WI6856Ax6760B Wis-USDA 3.2 6 0
16 Arabian Seminis 4.2 4 5
17 Palomino(1911) Seminis 4.3 4 5
18 Patton (3528) SunSeeds 4.7 2 7
19 Royal Harris Moran 5.3 4 7
20 Manteo NCState Univ 6.2 6 7
21 Wis.SMR 18 Univ. Wis. 7.3 8 7
_________________________________________________________________________________
LSD (5%) 1.7 3 2
Mean 3.0 3 3
CV (%) 33.6 51 47
_________________________________________________________________________________
z Disease rated 0 to 9 (0=none, 1-2=trace, 3-4=slight, 5-6=moderate, 7-8=advanced,
9=plant dead).
Correlation (Yield vs. disease rating) = -0.30*
Table 15. Stage 3 spring pickle trial - selection indexes (cultigens ranked
by SWI1).z
_________________________________________________________________________________
Simple weighted Average rank
Cultivar Seed indexes indexes__
Rank or line source SWI1 SWI2 ARI1 ARI2
_________________________________________________________________________________
1 Napoleon(3502) SunSeeds 9.7 8.1 7.8 9.1
2 Vlaspik Seminis 9.5 7.8 9.0 10.0
3 Jackson(3540) SunSeeds 9.2 7.9 8.3 9.8
4 Colt Seminis 9.2 7.7 6.1 7.5
5 HMX-0469 Harris Moran 9.2 7.8 8.1 8.0
6 Arabian Seminis 9.1 7.7 8.0 8.0
7 Vlasstar(10489) Seminis 8.8 7.6 9.6 9.2
8 Macarthur SunSeeds 8.8 7.5 10.7 9.4
9 Calypso NCState Univ 8.8 7.6 8.9 9.3
10 Raleigh NCState Univ 8.6 7.4 11.9 10.4
11 HMX-0468 Harris Moran 8.5 7.3 10.0 10.6
12 Palomino(1911) Seminis 8.4 7.2 11.2 10.9
13 Johnston NCState Univ 8.4 7.2 11.3 10.5
14 WI6856Ax6760B Wis-USDA 8.3 7.3 9.2 11.2
15 SRQP-2861 SunSeeds 8.2 7.0 14.4 13.7
16 Patton (3528) SunSeeds 7.9 6.9 10.6 10.9
17 Royal Harris Moran 7.8 6.6 13.6 14.2
18 CrossCountry4318 Harris Moran 7.8 6.8 13.1 12.7
19 Premio Sakata 7.7 6.7 12.9 11.5
20 Manteo NCState Univ 5.4 4.9 17.2 16.5
21 Wis.SMR 18 Univ. Wis. 4.7 4.4 19.3 17.6
_________________________________________________________________________________
LSD (5%) 1.7 1.2 3.9 4.0
Mean 8.3 7.1 11.0 11.0
CV (%) 12.9 10.8 21.5 22.0
_________________________________________________________________________________
z SWI is simple weighted index calculated from the performance of a cultigen for
yield; earliness; fruit shape, seedcell size and overall impression; and disease
resistance. The index is calculated with 2 different methods of weighting each
trait (10 is best, 1 is worst).
ARI is the average ranking of each cultigen for yield, earliness, fruit quality
and disease resistance. The index is calculated with 2 different sets of
secondary traits added in with the primary traits (1 is best).
Correlation (Yield with SWI1) = 0.95**
Correlation (Yield with ARI1) = -0.59**