NCSU Cucumber Breeding Report - 2006
Todd C. Wehner
Professor
Tammy L. Ellington
Agric. Res. Tech. III
Department of Horticultural Science
North Carolina State University
Raleigh, NC 27695-7609
Preliminary (Stage 1) Pickling Cucumber Trial
2006
Todd C. Wehner and Tammy L. Ellington
Experiment Design
1. A randomized complete block with 2 replications of pickle cultivars
and breeding lines (collectively referred to as cultigens) was grown.
2. Plots were single 5 ft. rows with 5 ft. alleys at each end.
3. Rows were on raised 18" beds spaced 60" apart (center to center).
4. Fertilizer consisted of 80-80-80 lb/A (N-P-K) broadcast preplant and
30-0-0 lb/A (N-P-K) sideplaced at the 2 to 4 leaf stage.
5. Curbit was applied preemergence at the rate of 1 lb. a.i./A.
6. The trial was planted 26 April, and harvested 2 times
22 and 29 June.
Data Collection
1. Firmness was measured on 3 Grade 3 fruits using a Magness-Taylor tester
with a 5/16" tip.
2. Length/Diameter ratio was calculated by measuring 5 Grade 2 fruits.
3. Quality ratings were from 1 to 9, with 1 = worst, 9 = best.
4. Disease ratings were from 0 to 9, with 0 = no disease, 1-2 = trace,
3-4 = slight, 5-6 = moderate, 7-8 = severe, 9 = plant dead.
Results
The following cultigens performed well, and could be advanced
to the next stage:
01 M 27 NCState Univ.
02 NC-71 NCState Univ.
03 Raleigh NCState Univ.
04 NC-74 NCState Univ.
05 NC-52 NCState Univ.
06 NC-55 NCState Univ.
07 Johnston NCState Univ.
08 NC-56 NCState Univ.
Table 6. Stage 1 spring pickle trial - yield data (cultigens are ranked
by number of marketable fruits per plot).
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No. fruits per plot Fruit
Cultivar Seed Mark- Early % per
Rank or line source able Total (OSize) cull plant
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1 M 27 NCState Univ. 62 70 6 10 2.3
2 Raleigh NCState Univ. 62 73 8 16 2.4
3 NC-52 NCState Univ. 58 74 12 22 2.5
4 NC-74 NCState Univ. 57 64 10 12 2.1
5 NC-71 NCState Univ. 56 67 17 16 2.2
6 Johnston NCState Univ. 53 66 7 18 2.7
7 NC-56 NCState Univ. 49 53 9 8 2.3
8 NC-54 NCState Univ. 48 54 8 11 1.8
9 NC-55 NCState Univ. 48 54 12 11 1.9
10 NC-73 NCState Univ. 40 50 7 21 1.7
11 NC-57 NCState Univ. 36 44 8 18 1.5
12 Calypso NCState Univ. 34 35 7 3 1.3
13 NC-70 NCState Univ. 33 44 6 25 1.8
14 Napoleon Nunhems 32 36 4 11 1.5
15 Sumter NCState Univ. 31 37 9 12 1.2
16 NC-66 NCState Univ. 29 29 0 0 1.6
17 NC-67 NCState Univ. 27 32 2 15 2.4
18 WisSMR18 Univ.Wis. 26 32 10 17 1.1
19 NC-72 NCState Univ. 25 34 5 27 1.1
20 NC-69 NCState Univ. 24 26 3 7 1.5
21 NC-68 NCState Univ. 18 22 1 10 1.2
22 Gy 5 NCState Univ. 16 23 3 33 0.8
23 H-19 Univ.Ark. 8 8 1 7 0.3
_________________________________________________________________________________
CV (%) 27 27 49 49 30
Mean 38 44 6 14 1.7
LSD (5%) 21 25 7 15 1.1
_________________________________________________________________________________
Correlation (Total yield with % culls) = 0.18ns
Table 7. Stage 1 spring pickle trial - vine data (cultigens are ranked
by gynoecious rating).
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Cultivar Seed Gynoecious LD Length Diam. Firm. DM
Rank or line source rating ratio (in.) (in.) (lb.) rating
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1 NC-70 NCState Univ. 9.0 3.0 4.7 1.6 13.5 2.0
2 NC-66 NCState Univ. 9.0 3.0 3.7 1.2 17.0 2.0
3 Johnston NCState Univ. 9.0 2.9 4.5 1.6 15.5 1.5
4 NC-67 NCState Univ. 7.0 3.8 5.2 1.4 18.0 0.0
5 Raleigh NCState Univ. 7.0 3.0 4.6 1.5 15.0 1.0
6 Calypso NCState Univ. 7.0 2.9 4.6 1.6 16.5 0.0
7 NC-68 NCState Univ. 6.5 3.6 4.7 1.3 14.0 5.0
8 NC-57 NCState Univ. 6.0 3.0 4.9 1.7 16.5 2.0
9 NC-54 NCState Univ. 5.5 3.0 4.5 1.5 13.5 0.0
10 NC-56 NCState Univ. 5.5 3.0 4.5 1.5 15.0 1.5
11 WisSMR18 Univ.Wis. 5.0 3.1 4.5 1.5 16.5 4.5
12 NC-52 NCState Univ. 5.0 2.9 4.4 1.5 12.5 1.0
13 Gy 5 NCState Univ. 4.0 3.7 5.0 1.4 13.0 1.5
14 Sumter NCState Univ. 4.0 2.9 5.0 1.7 18.5 1.0
15 Napoleon Nunhems 4.0 2.8 4.3 1.5 13.0 1.0
16 M 27 NCState Univ. 4.0 2.8 4.1 1.5 16.0 5.5
17 NC-71 NCState Univ. 4.0 2.8 4.5 1.6 14.0 0.0
18 NC-73 NCState Univ. 3.5 3.2 4.9 1.5 15.0 0.0
19 NC-72 NCState Univ. 3.5 3.2 5.3 1.7 17.0 4.5
20 NC-55 NCState Univ. 3.5 3.0 4.3 1.5 16.0 1.5
21 NC-74 NCState Univ. 3.5 2.7 4.3 1.6 18.0 0.5
22 H-19 Univ.Ark. 3.0 3.4 3.9 1.2 16.5 2.5
23 NC-69 NCState Univ. 3.0 3.3 4.8 1.4 14.0 2.0
_________________________________________________________________________________
CV (%) 20 7 7 8 12 52
Mean 5.3 3.1 4.6 1.5 15.4 1.8
LSD (5%) 2.2 0.5 0.7 0.3 3.8 1.9
_________________________________________________________________________________
z Gynoecy rated 1 to 9 (1 = androecious, 5 = monoecious, 9 = gynoecious).
y Fruit firmness measured in lb of force.
z Downy mildew rated 0 to 9 (0 = no disease, 9 = plant dead).
Correlation (Total yield with gynoecious rating) = 0.07ns
Table 8. Stage 1 spring pickle trial - fruit quality data (cultigens are ranked
by average fruit quality).
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Overall
Cultivar Seed Average Seed- impres-
Rank or line source qualityz Shapez Colory cellz sionz
_________________________________________________________________________________
1 Sumter NCState Univ. 7.1 8 5 6 7
2 H-19 Univ.Ark. 6.8 7 7 7 7
3 NC-74 NCState Univ. 6.7 7 7 7 7
4 NC-72 NCState Univ. 6.6 7 6 6 7
5 M 27 NCState Univ. 6.5 8 5 5 7
6 NC-71 NCState Univ. 6.5 8 7 4 8
7 NC-69 NCState Univ. 6.5 7 6 7 6
8 Gy 5 NCState Univ. 6.5 7 7 6 8
9 NC-55 NCState Univ. 6.4 8 7 4 7
10 NC-57 NCState Univ. 6.4 7 7 5 7
11 Calypso NCState Univ. 6.3 7 7 5 7
12 NC-67 NCState Univ. 6.3 7 7 6 7
13 Napoleon Nunhems 6.2 7 8 6 7
14 NC-73 NCState Univ. 6.1 7 7 5 7
15 NC-56 NCState Univ. 6.0 8 5 4 6
16 NC-68 NCState Univ. 6.0 7 7 6 6
17 NC-54 NCState Univ. 5.9 7 5 4 7
18 NC-70 NCState Univ. 5.9 6 8 5 7
19 Raleigh NCState Univ. 5.9 6 8 5 7
20 NC-66 NCState Univ. 5.7 6 6 5 6
21 NC-52 NCState Univ. 5.4 6 5 4 6
22 Johnston NCState Univ. 5.4 6 8 4 7
23 WisSMR18 Univ.Wis. 4.8 6 4 4 5
_________________________________________________________________________________
CV (%) 5 7 6 11 6
Mean 6.2 7 6 5 7
LSD (5%) 0.7 1 1 1 1
_________________________________________________________________________________
z Quality rated 1 to 9 (1 = poor, 5 = average, 9 = excellent).
y Color rated 1 to 9 (1 = white, 5 = medium green, 9 = very dark green).
Correlation (Total yield with average quality) = -0.14ns
Table 9. Stage 1 spring pickle trial - primary and secondary fruit defects,
for harvest 1 and 2 in replications 1 and 2 (cultigens ranked by fruit quality).z
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Cultivar Seed Average Hv1Prmry Hv1Scdry Hv2Prmry Hv2Scdry
Rank or line source quality Rp1 Rp2 Rp1 Rp2 Rp1 Rp2 Rp1 Rp2
_________________________________________________________________________________
1 Sumter NCState Univ. 7.1 W W K K K K W W
2 H-19 Univ.Ark. 6.8 V X K V V X K V
3 NC-74 NCState Univ. 6.7 H H K K K K H H
4 NC-72 NCState Univ. 6.6 O L G T K K O D
5 M 27 NCState Univ. 6.5 W W K K K K W K
6 NC-71 NCState Univ. 6.5 K H K K K K D K
7 NC-69 NCState Univ. 6.5 V X K G V X K G
8 Gy 5 NCState Univ. 6.5 K K D D K K D D
9 NC-55 NCState Univ. 6.4 K A K K K K K H
10 NC-57 NCState Univ. 6.4 T H K T K K H D
11 Calypso NCState Univ. 6.3 K K K K K K K H
12 NC-67 NCState Univ. 6.3 L T T K X X V V
13 Napoleon Nunhems 6.2 K H K K K K H H
14 NC-73 NCState Univ. 6.1 K K G G K K D O
15 NC-56 NCState Univ. 6.0 W W K K D K K W
16 NC-68 NCState Univ. 6.0 V G L V V G L V
17 NC-54 NCState Univ. 5.9 K L L K K K G D
18 NC-70 NCState Univ. 5.9 K T K K K K C H
19 Raleigh NCState Univ. 5.9 H D D H K K N D
20 NC-66 NCState Univ. 5.7 H H L L K K V V
21 NC-52 NCState Univ. 5.4 H H K K K K D K
22 Johnston NCState Univ. 5.4 D D H K K D T K
23 WisSMR18 Univ.Wis. 4.8 W W K D Y Y W W
_________________________________________________________________________________
CV (%) 5
Mean 6.2
LSD (5%) 0.7
_________________________________________________________________________________
z Quality rated 1 to 9 (1 = poor, 5 = average, 9 = excellent).
Defects were rated as follows (giving primary and secondary for each harvest):
A - wArty fruit J – RiDGed S - Separated carpels
B - Blossom end defects K - Keep(excellent) T - Tapered ends
C - Crooks excessive L - Late maturity U - Uniform green
D - Dogbone shape M - Mottled fruit V - Varicolor (dark stem
E - Early maturity N - Nubs excessive end, light blossom end)
F - Four celled O - Offtype fruit W - White fruit
G - lonG fruit P - Placental hollows X - neCKS on fruit
H - sHort fruit Q - Y - Yellow fruit
I - strIped fruit R - Reject (poor) Z - diSeased fruit
Table 10. Stage 1 spring pickle trial - selection indexes (cultigens ranked
by SWI1).z
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Cultivar Seed Mark. Early Fruit Seed Over
Rank or line source SWI1 SWI2 yield yield shape cell -all
_________________________________________________________________________________
1 M 27 NCState Univ. 13.9 11.5 62 6 8 5 7
2 NC-71 NCState Univ. 13.5 11.5 56 17 8 4 8
3 Raleigh NCState Univ. 13.2 10.7 62 8 6 5 7
4 NC-74 NCState Univ. 12.9 10.7 57 10 7 7 7
5 NC-52 NCState Univ. 12.7 10.5 58 12 6 4 6
6 NC-55 NCState Univ. 12.0 10.4 48 12 8 4 7
7 Johnston NCState Univ. 11.6 9.5 53 7 6 4 7
8 NC-56 NCState Univ. 11.6 9.9 49 9 8 4 6
9 NC-54 NCState Univ. 11.1 9.4 48 8 7 4 7
10 NC-73 NCState Univ. 9.8 8.5 40 7 7 5 7
11 NC-57 NCState Univ. 9.7 8.6 36 8 7 5 7
12 Sumter NCState Univ. 9.3 8.5 31 9 8 6 7
13 Calypso NCState Univ. 9.1 8.1 34 7 7 5 7
14 NC-70 NCState Univ. 8.8 7.8 33 6 6 5 7
15 Napoleon Nunhems 8.3 7.4 32 4 7 6 7
16 NC-72 NCState Univ. 8.1 7.5 25 5 7 6 7
17 WisSMR18 Univ.Wis. 7.8 7.1 26 10 6 4 5
18 NC-67 NCState Univ. 7.4 6.7 27 2 7 6 7
19 NC-66 NCState Univ. 7.4 6.5 29 0 6 5 6
20 NC-69 NCState Univ. 7.4 6.9 24 3 7 7 6
21 NC-68 NCState Univ. 6.2 6.0 18 1 7 6 6
22 Gy 5 NCState Univ. 6.1 6.0 16 3 7 6 8
23 H-19 Univ.Ark. 4.9 5.2 8 1 7 7 7
_________________________________________________________________________________
CV (%) 18 15 27 49 7 11 6
Mean 9.7 8.5 38 6 7 5 7
LSD (5%) 3.7 2.7 21 7 1 1 1
_________________________________________________________________________________
z SWI is simple weighted index calculated from the performance of a cultigen for
yield; earliness; fruit shape, seedcell size and overall impression; and
disease resistance. The index is calculated with 2 different methods of
weighting each trait (10 is best, 1 is worst).
Correlation (Total yield with SWI1) = 0.97**
Correlation (Total yield with SWI2) = 0.95**