NCSU Cucumber Breeding Report - 2009
Todd C. Wehner
Professor
Tammy L. Ellington
Research Specialist
Department of Horticultural Science
North Carolina State University
Raleigh, NC 27695-7609
Summer (Stage 4) Pickling Cucumber Trial
2009
Todd C. Wehner and Tammy L. Ellington
Experiment Design
1. A randomized complete block with 3 replications of pickle cultivars
and breeding lines (collectively referred to as cultigens) was grown.
2. Plots were single 20 ft. rows with 5 ft. alleys at each end.
3. Rows were on raised 18" beds spaced 60" apart (center to center).
4. Fertilizer consisted of 80-80-80 lb/A (N-P-K) broadcast preplant
and 30-0-0 lb/A (N-P-K) sideplaced at the 2 to 4 leaf stage.
5. Curbit was applied preemergence at the rate of 1 lb. a.i./A.
6. The trial was planted 10 July, and harvested 8 times
(Mondays and Thursdays) between 18 August and 11 September.
Data Collection
1. Firmness was measured on 3 Grade 3 fruits using a Magness-Taylor tester
with a 5/16" tip.
2. Length/Diameter ratio was calculated by measuring 10 Grade 2 fruits.
3. Quality ratings were from 1 to 9, with 1 = worst, 9 = best.
4. Disease ratings were from 0 to 9, with 0 = no disease, 1-2 = trace,
3-4 = slight, 5-6 = moderate, 7-8 = severe, 9 = plant dead.
Results
The following cultigens performed well, and could be advanced
to the next stage:
1 Vlasstar Seminis
2 Exp08-7878 Bejo Seeds
3 Starex Baker Seeds
4 Wealthy Harris Moran
5 Vlaspik Seminis
6 Treasure Harris Moran
7 EGP-410 EmeraldSeeds
8 Colt Seminis
9 Exp08-7633 Bejo Seeds
10 NC-Davie ZeraimGedera
11 Raleigh NCState Univ
Table 13. Stage 4 summer pickle trial - yield data (cultigens are ranked
by fruit value).
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Fruit grade distribution Plants
Cultivar Seed Value Weight (% by weight) per A
Rank or line source ($) (cwt) Cull No.1 No.2 No.3 No.4 (x1000)
_________________________________________________________________________________
1 Vlasstar Seminis 1341 187 33 10 31 23 3 26
2 Exp08-7878 Bejo Seeds 1285 159 25 12 32 28 3 26
3 Starex Baker Seeds 1117 159 38 10 32 19 0 26
4 NC-Davie ZeraimGedera 1104 152 34 12 31 19 3 26
5 Treasure Harris Moran 977 147 40 9 32 16 2 26
6 Vlaspik Seminis 975 124 39 17 35 8 1 26
7 McPick UnitedGenet 964 131 35 11 34 19 1 26
8 Wealthy Harris Moran 935 151 43 9 27 18 3 26
9 Exp08-7633 Bejo Seeds 927 119 34 14 36 16 1 25
10 Colt Seminis 925 136 45 15 27 12 1 26
11 NC-Danbury NCState Univ 916 121 35 12 34 20 0 23
12 Raleigh NCState Univ 911 135 40 12 27 18 3 26
13 NC-Dawson NCState Univ 900 145 37 8 22 28 5 26
14 EGP-410 EmeraldSeeds 889 138 37 8 29 22 4 26
15 Exp08-7814 Bejo Seeds 882 129 37 9 30 22 2 26
16 HSX 441-B HortAg Seeds 881 136 42 9 29 17 2 26
17 CrossCountry Harris Moran 848 123 41 11 30 15 2 26
18 Johnston NCState Univ 848 120 43 14 32 11 0 26
19 LB 17 Baker Seeds 811 125 42 11 26 19 2 26
20 Europick UnitedGenet 808 109 31 12 29 24 4 26
21 Feisty(9464) Harris Moran 737 105 42 11 35 10 1 26
22 EGP-427 EmeraldSeeds 732 118 41 9 24 22 3 20
23 NC-Longhurst NCState Univ 719 90 35 15 38 12 0 26
24 Exp08-7612 Bejo Seeds 646 103 37 8 29 19 7 20
25 Calypso NCState Univ 618 110 45 8 20 25 2 23
26 NC-Lexington NCState Univ 612 79 36 14 37 13 0 26
27 NC-Denton NCState Univ 598 116 54 7 25 13 1 26
28 NC-Merritt NCState Univ 578 101 51 11 24 13 1 21
29 Sassy Harris Moran 567 95 49 9 32 8 2 26
30 NC-Duplin NCState Univ 501 77 44 12 29 14 1 26
31 NC-Leland NCState Univ 375 50 39 13 38 10 0 26
32 Sumter Clemson Univ 356 62 51 9 25 13 2 25
33 Wis.SMR 18 Univ. Wis. 29 15 87 5 4 4 0 26
_________________________________________________________________________________
CV (%) 26 20 16 23 16 33 90 5
Mean 797 117 41 11 29 17 2 25
LSD (5%) 332 38 11 4 8 9 3 2
_________________________________________________________________________________
Correlation (Fruit value with fruit weight) = 0.95**
Table 14. Stage 4 summer pickle trial - earliness data (cultigens are ranked
by fruit value in harvests 1 and 2).
_________________________________________________________________________________
Cumulative fruit value and % of
total valuez (6 harvests) for harvest:
Cultivar Seed 1 1-2 1-3 1-4 1-5
Rank or line source $/A % $/A % $/A % $/A % $/A %
_________________________________________________________________________________
1 Wealthy Harris Moran 388 42 584 64 717 78 863 93 873 94
2 Vlaspik Seminis 259 26 522 53 697 71 903 93 919 94
3 Starex Baker Seeds 227 21 477 43 701 63 969 87 1004 90
4 Vlasstar Seminis 178 13 470 35 668 50 978 73 1045 78
5 EGP-410 EmeraldSeeds 264 29 459 51 593 66 753 84 781 88
6 Colt Seminis 203 22 457 50 620 67 822 89 862 93
7 Raleigh NCState Univ 208 23 415 46 596 66 793 87 823 90
8 LB 17 Baker Seeds 214 26 414 50 547 67 715 88 728 89
9 Treasure Harris Moran 217 23 406 44 586 65 753 80 791 83
10 Sassy Harris Moran 215 43 406 74 469 85 531 95 534 95
11 Exp08-7633 Bejo Seeds 238 26 405 44 515 55 683 74 718 77
12 CrossCountry Harris Moran 207 28 382 50 514 66 688 84 717 87
13 Johnston NCState Univ 122 14 361 43 527 62 760 90 788 93
14 Exp08-7878 Bejo Seeds 115 8 323 23 485 36 745 55 799 60
15 Feisty(9464) Harris Moran 131 19 323 44 397 54 550 75 574 79
16 EGP-427 EmeraldSeeds 113 16 311 45 454 66 627 87 635 88
17 NC-Danbury NCState Univ 17 2 262 29 450 49 747 82 765 84
18 Europick UnitedGenet 93 12 242 30 392 49 596 74 637 79
19 Exp08-7814 Bejo Seeds 78 8 232 24 369 41 526 59 571 64
20 NC-Davie ZeraimGedera 16 2 222 20 497 45 805 73 875 79
21 Exp08-7612 Bejo Seeds 77 12 207 33 296 46 480 74 508 79
22 HSX 441-B HortAg Seeds 49 5 128 14 327 39 556 65 605 71
23 Calypso NCState Univ 34 5 121 19 217 35 438 71 466 75
24 NC-Merritt NCState Univ 11 2 110 19 154 27 372 65 397 69
25 NC-Duplin NCState Univ 3 0 95 19 198 40 397 80 438 88
26 NC-Denton NCState Univ 0 0 66 12 169 30 385 66 444 75
27 McPick UnitedGenet 3 0 50 5 247 25 550 57 586 61
28 NC-Dawson NCState Univ 3 0 43 5 202 23 484 55 521 59
29 Sumter Clemson Univ 9 3 40 13 173 48 291 83 308 89
30 Wis.SMR 18 Univ. Wis. 0 0 20 42 26 51 29 67 29 67
31 NC-Longhurst NCState Univ 0 0 0 0 55 7 382 53 434 60
32 NC-Lexington NCState Univ 0 0 0 0 39 6 244 40 267 44
33 NC-Leland NCState Univ 0 0 0 0 10 2 112 25 133 30
_________________________________________________________________________________
CV (%) 64 59 40 33 33 25 28 18 27 16
Mean 112 13 259 32 391 48 592 73 623 77
LSD (5%) 117 12 167 17 210 19 273 21 279 20
_________________________________________________________________________________
Correlation (Fruit value with value in harvests 1 and 2) = 0.60**
Table 15. Stage 4 summer pickle trial - fruit quality data (cultigens are
ranked by average quality).
_________________________________________________________________________________
Overall
Cultivar Seed Average Seed- impres-
Rank or line source qualityz Shapez Colory cellz sionz
_________________________________________________________________________________
1 McPick UnitedGenet 7.9 8.0 8.0 7.7 8.0
2 NC-Danbury NCState Univ 7.9 7.7 7.7 7.7 8.3
3 EGP-410 EmeraldSeeds 7.6 7.7 6.3 7.7 7.3
4 Johnston NCState Univ 7.4 7.3 8.0 7.3 7.7
5 NC-Davie ZeraimGedera 7.2 8.7 7.3 5.0 8.0
6 Exp08-7814 Bejo Seeds 7.2 6.3 8.7 8.7 6.7
7 Sumter Clemson Univ 7.1 7.7 6.3 7.3 6.3
8 Treasure Harris Moran 7.1 7.0 7.0 7.7 6.7
9 Exp08-7612 Bejo Seeds 7.1 7.0 8.0 7.0 7.3
10 Vlasstar Seminis 7.0 7.3 7.0 6.3 7.3
11 Colt Seminis 6.9 6.7 7.0 7.3 6.7
12 Europick UnitedGenet 6.9 6.7 6.3 7.3 6.7
13 Exp08-7878 Bejo Seeds 6.9 7.0 5.3 7.0 6.7
14 CrossCountry Harris Moran 6.9 6.7 7.7 7.3 6.7
15 Vlaspik Seminis 6.9 6.3 7.3 7.3 7.0
16 NC-Duplin NCState Univ 6.8 7.7 6.3 5.7 7.0
17 EGP-427 EmeraldSeeds 6.7 7.3 6.7 5.3 7.3
18 NC-Longhurst NCState Univ 6.7 7.3 7.3 6.0 6.7
19 Calypso NCState Univ 6.7 7.0 6.3 6.0 7.0
20 Raleigh NCState Univ 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.0 7.3
21 Feisty(9464) Harris Moran 6.7 6.7 7.3 6.7 6.7
22 NC-Dawson NCState Univ 6.7 6.3 6.7 6.3 7.3
23 Starex Baker Seeds 6.6 6.3 6.3 6.3 7.0
24 Exp08-7633 Bejo Seeds 6.6 6.3 8.3 7.3 6.0
25 NC-Lexington NCState Univ 6.4 7.3 6.3 4.7 7.3
26 LB 17 Baker Seeds 6.4 7.0 6.7 6.0 6.3
27 NC-Merritt NCState Univ 6.4 6.7 8.0 6.3 6.3
28 NC-Leland NCState Univ 6.3 7.0 7.3 6.0 6.0
29 HSX 441-B HortAg Seeds 6.2 6.7 7.7 6.0 6.0
30 Sassy Harris Moran 6.2 5.7 8.0 7.3 5.7
31 NC-Denton NCState Univ 6.1 6.0 7.7 6.0 6.3
32 Wealthy Harris Moran 5.9 6.3 8.0 5.0 6.3
33 Wis.SMR 18 Univ. Wis. 4.3 5.0 4.7 4.0 4.0
_________________________________________________________________________________
CV (%) 7.7 10.5 7.7 13.5 10.5
Mean 6.7 6.9 7.1 6.5 6.8
LSD (5%) 0.8 1.2 0.9 1.4 1.2
_________________________________________________________________________________
z Quality rated 1 to 9 (1 = poor, 5 = average, 9 = excellent).
y Color rated 1 to 9 (1 = white, 5 = medium green, 9 = very dark green).
Correlation (Fruit value with average quality) = 0.42**
Table 16. Stage 4 summer pickle trial - other quality data (cultigens are
ranked by average quality).z
_________________________________________________________________________________
Cultivar Seed Firm- L/D Defects1° Defects2°
Rank or line source ness ratio 2 4 6 2 4 6
_________________________________________________________________________________
1 Europick UnitedGenet 17 3.0 K K K H H H
2 Calypso NCState Univ 16 3.1 W K K H W W
3 McPick UnitedGenet 16 3.7 K K K G K G
4 Exp08-7814 Bejo Seeds 16 3.2 T K K K T G
5 EGP-410 EmeraldSeeds 15 3.0 K K K T H K
6 Sumter Clemson Univ 15 3.1 K K W M W K
7 Treasure Harris Moran 15 3.2 K K K M M T
8 Vlasstar Seminis 15 3.4 K K K G T G
9 NC-Danbury NCState Univ 15 3.5 K K K M K K
10 NC-Davie ZeraimGedera 15 3.0 D K K H H K
11 Exp08-7612 Bejo Seeds 15 3.2 K K K H D G
12 Exp08-7878 Bejo Seeds 15 3.2 K G K W T W
13 CrossCountry Harris Moran 15 3.3 T K K M G G
14 NC-Merritt NCState Univ 15 3.6 K T K G D D
15 NC-Leland NCState Univ 15 3.4 K G K X K X
16 HSX 441-B HortAg Seeds 15 3.3 H M M T D K
17 Johnston NCState Univ 14 3.3 G K K T G D
18 NC-Denton NCState Univ 14 3.4 G D G T G T
19 Wealthy Harris Moran 14 3.1 T D K G H D
20 Colt Seminis 14 3.4 K G K D D G
21 Vlaspik Seminis 14 3.5 T K G O G D
22 NC-Longhurst NCState Univ 14 3.6 K G K X T X
23 NC-Duplin NCState Univ 14 3.0 K K K H D D
24 Exp08-7633 Bejo Seeds 14 3.1 H H K T K H
25 LB 17 Baker Seeds 13 2.4 H K K T D M
26 Sassy Harris Moran 13 3.5 G D K T G G
27 Raleigh NCState Univ 13 3.2 H K K O D D
28 Starex Baker Seeds 13 3.3 H K K M G G
29 NC-Lexington NCState Univ 13 3.1 K K K X W X
30 EGP-427 EmeraldSeeds 13 2.3 K K K K T D
31 Feisty(9464) Harris Moran 12 3.3 K K K G T T
32 Wis.SMR 18 Univ. Wis. 12 2.8 N Y N W W W
33 NC-Dawson NCState Univ 12 3.3 K K K T G G
_________________________________________________________________________________
CV (%) 9 9.7
Mean 14 3.2
LSD (5%) 2 0.5
_________________________________________________________________________________
z Quality rated 1 to 9 (1 = poor, 5 = average, 9 = excellent).
Defects were rated as follows (giving primary and secondary for each harvest):
A - wArty fruit J – RiDGed S - Separated carpels
B - Blossom end defects K - Keep(excellent) T - Tapered ends
C - Crooks excessive L - Late maturity U - Uniform green
D - Dogbone shape M - Mottled fruit V - Varicolor (dark stem
E - Early maturity N - Nubs excessive end, light blossom end)
F - Four celled O - Offtype fruit W - White fruit
G - lonG fruit P - Placental hollows X - neCKS on fruit
H - sHort fruit Q - Y - Yellow fruit
I - strIped fruit R - Reject (poor) Z - diSeased fruit
Table 17. Stage 4 summer pickle trial - sex expression and vine data
(cultigens are ranked by gynoecious rating).
_________________________________________________________________________________
Cultivar Seed Gyn. Vine Vine
Rank or line source ratingz sizey colorx
_________________________________________________________________________________
1 EGP-410 EmeraldSeeds 9 7 7
2 Vlasstar Seminis 9 7 7
3 EGP-427 EmeraldSeeds 9 7 7
4 Johnston NCState Univ 9 6 7
5 Treasure Harris Moran 9 8 7
6 Sassy Harris Moran 9 7 7
7 Colt Seminis 9 7 7
8 CrossCountry Harris Moran 8 8 7
9 Wealthy Harris Moran 8 7 7
10 Exp08-7814 Bejo Seeds 8 7 6
11 Vlaspik Seminis 8 6 6
12 Raleigh NCState Univ 8 7 7
13 Exp08-7612 Bejo Seeds 8 6 7
14 Starex Baker Seeds 7 8 6
15 LB 17 Baker Seeds 7 7 6
16 Europick UnitedGenet 6 6 7
17 Feisty(9464) Harris Moran 5 7 7
18 Exp08-7633 Bejo Seeds 5 8 7
19 NC-Merritt NCState Univ 5 7 6
20 Exp08-7878 Bejo Seeds 5 7 8
21 HSX 441-B HortAg Seeds 5 7 8
22 NC-Duplin NCState Univ 4 7 7
23 NC-Dawson NCState Univ 4 7 7
24 NC-Davie ZeraimGedera 4 7 8
25 NC-Danbury NCState Univ 4 6 7
26 NC-Longhurst NCState Univ 4 5 6
27 NC-Lexington NCState Univ 4 5 5
28 Wis.SMR 18 Univ. Wis. 3 6 5
29 NC-Leland NCState Univ 3 5 5
30 McPick UnitedGenet 3 7 7
31 NC-Denton NCState Univ 3 7 7
32 Calypso NCState Univ 3 7 5
33 Sumter Clemson Univ 3 7 7
_________________________________________________________________________________
CV (%) 18 10 12
Mean 6 7 7
LSD (5%) 2 1 1
_________________________________________________________________________________
z Gynoecious rating (1 = androecious, 2-3 = andromonoecious, 4-6 = monoecious,
7-8 = predominately gynoecious, 9 = gynoecious).
y Size rated 1 to 9 (1=very small, 9=very large).
x Color rated 1 to 9 (1=yellow, 9=very dark green).
Correlation (Yield with gynoecious rating)=0.35** Yield with vine size=0.43**
Table 18. Stage 4 summer pickle trial - disease data (cultigens are ranked
by average disease resistance).z
_________________________________________________________________________________
Cultivar Seed Downy
Rank or line source mildew
_________________________________________________________________________________
1 Exp08-7878 Bejo Seeds 3.0
2 Exp08-7814 Bejo Seeds 3.7
3 HSX 441-B HortAg Seeds 4.0
4 NC-Dawson NCState Univ 4.0
5 NC-Lexington NCState Univ 4.0
6 NC-Leland NCState Univ 4.0
7 McPick UnitedGenet 4.0
8 Treasure Harris Moran 4.3
9 Exp08-7612 Bejo Seeds 4.3
10 NC-Longhurst NCState Univ 4.3
11 Vlasstar Seminis 4.7
12 Feisty(9464) Harris Moran 4.7
13 Exp08-7633 Bejo Seeds 4.7
14 NC-Davie ZeraimGedera 4.7
15 CrossCountry Harris Moran 5.0
16 NC-Merritt NCState Univ 5.0
17 EGP-410 EmeraldSeeds 5.3
18 EGP-427 EmeraldSeeds 5.3
19 Raleigh NCState Univ 5.3
20 Starex Baker Seeds 5.3
21 NC-Denton NCState Univ 5.3
22 Colt Seminis 5.7
23 Wealthy Harris Moran 5.7
24 LB 17 Baker Seeds 5.7
25 NC-Duplin NCState Univ 5.7
26 Calypso NCState Univ 5.7
27 Johnston NCState Univ 6.0
28 Sassy Harris Moran 6.0
29 Vlaspik Seminis 6.0
30 Europick UnitedGenet 6.3
31 NC-Danbury NCState Univ 6.3
32 Sumter Clemson Univ 6.7
33 Wis.SMR 18 Univ. Wis. 7.0
_________________________________________________________________________________
CV (%) 15.3
Mean 5.1
LSD (5%) 1.3
_________________________________________________________________________________
z Disease rated 0 to 9 (0=none, 1-2=trace, 3-4=slight, 5-6=moderate, 7-8=advanced,
9=plant dead).
Correlation (Yield vs. disease rating) = -0.41**
Table 19. Stage 4 summer pickle trial - selection indexes (cultigens ranked
by SWI1).z
_________________________________________________________________________________
Simple weighted Average rank
Cultivar Seed indexes indexes___
Rank or line source SWI1 SWI2 ARI1 ARI2
_________________________________________________________________________________
1 Vlasstar Seminis 7.0 6.1 10.4 10.3
2 Exp08-7878 Bejo Seeds 6.5 5.7 11.4 11.5
3 Starex Baker Seeds 6.3 5.6 14.6 14.6
4 Wealthy Harris Moran 6.3 5.6 19.0 16.8
5 Vlaspik Seminis 6.3 5.5 15.1 15.5
6 Treasure Harris Moran 6.2 5.6 11.8 11.0
7 EGP-410 EmeraldSeeds 6.2 5.6 11.2 11.4
8 Colt Seminis 6.0 5.4 15.1 15.2
9 Exp08-7633 Bejo Seeds 6.0 5.4 15.8 15.9
10 NC-Davie ZeraimGedera 5.9 5.3 12.3 13.1
11 Raleigh NCState Univ 5.8 5.3 15.4 15.8
12 CrossCountry Harris Moran 5.8 5.4 15.5 14.9
13 Johnston NCState Univ 5.7 5.2 14.0 15.4
14 Exp08-7814 Bejo Seeds 5.7 5.2 12.9 12.4
15 LB 17 Baker Seeds 5.6 5.1 18.2 17.9
16 NC-Danbury NCState Univ 5.6 5.0 12.6 15.2
17 McPick UnitedGenet 5.4 4.9 10.2 11.6
18 Feisty(9464) Harris Moran 5.4 5.0 16.5 17.3
19 EGP-427 EmeraldSeeds 5.2 4.9 17.6 17.6
20 Exp08-7612 Bejo Seeds 5.1 4.8 15.6 15.6
21 Sassy Harris Moran 5.1 5.0 21.3 20.3
22 Europick UnitedGenet 5.1 4.6 18.6 18.0
23 HSX 441-B HortAg Seeds 5.1 4.6 19.3 17.7
24 NC-Dawson NCState Univ 4.8 4.5 17.5 18.3
25 NC-Longhurst NCState Univ 4.4 4.0 18.8 19.8
26 NC-Merritt NCState Univ 4.4 4.1 20.6 20.1
27 Calypso NCState Univ 4.4 4.1 20.2 19.0
28 NC-Lexington NCState Univ 4.2 3.8 19.5 21.0
29 NC-Duplin NCState Univ 4.2 3.9 20.1 21.4
30 NC-Denton NCState Univ 4.1 3.9 23.2 22.0
31 NC-Leland NCState Univ 3.9 3.5 22.5 22.1
32 Sumter Clemson Univ 3.7 3.4 22.2 22.9
33 Wis.SMR 18 Univ. Wis. 2.2 2.5 31.9 29.7
_________________________________________________________________________________
CV (%) 12.5 10.3 19.3 17.1
Mean 5.3 4.8 17.0 17.0
LSD (5%) 1.1 0.8 5.3 4.7
_________________________________________________________________________________
z SWI is simple weighted index calculated from the performance of a cultigen for
yield; earliness; fruit shape, seedcell size and overall impression; and disease
resistance. The index is calculated with 2 different methods of weighting each
trait (10 is best, 1 is worst).
ARI is the average ranking of each cultigen for yield, earliness, fruit quality
and disease resistance. The index is calculated with 2 different sets of
secondary traits added in with the primary traits (1 is best).
Correlation (Yield with SWI1) = 0.92**
Correlation (Yield with ARI1) = -0.80**